背景:除了其状况的固有挑战外,自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童也容易受到全球肥胖流行的影响。然而,关于摩洛哥ASD儿科人群中肥胖的患病率,数据仍然稀缺。
方法:共有258名年龄在6至12岁(平均=9.4±1.4)被诊断为ASD的儿童(男孩=195)参加了这项研究。除了体重和身高,检查了用于评估肥胖的四个重要的人体测量指标:体重指数(BMI),体表面积(BSA),腰围(WC),和腰围高度比(WHtR)。根据Z评分及其相应的百分位数,将每个人体测量标记分为三个心脏代谢风险水平之一。分布如下:低风险(≤84百分位数),高风险(第85-94百分位数),和非常高的风险(≥95百分位数)。随后,采用多元回归分析来开发生成复合风险评分的算法.这个分数同时包含了所有的人体测量变量,同时还加权他们对心脏代谢风险的个人贡献。
结果:患有ASD的儿童表现出的人体测量特征显著增加了他们对心脏代谢问题的易感性。虽然大约11%的摩洛哥儿童人口超重或肥胖,在ASD患儿中,这一数字飙升至近60%,考虑到中心肥胖指标.此外,与具有较低社会经济背景的儿童相比,具有中产阶级社会经济背景的儿童出现超重或肥胖的风险高出三倍以上.
结论:这项研究有,第一次,提供了使用传统人体测量法对摩洛哥ASD儿童的心脏代谢风险的最新概述。主要危险因素显然与中心(腹部)肥胖有关,这被认为是最有害的。这项研究强调了纳入一般和中心性肥胖标志物的必要性。这项研究强调了纳入一般和中心肥胖指标以进行更全面评估的重要性。它强调需要在这一高风险人群中进行更密切的监测。
BACKGROUND: In addition to the inherent challenges of their condition, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are also susceptible to the global obesity epidemic. However, concerning the prevalence of obesity within the Moroccan ASD pediatric population, data remain scarce.
METHODS: A total of 258 children (boys = 195) aged 6 to 12 years old (mean = 9.4 ± 1.4) diagnosed with ASD participated in this study. Besides the body mass and height, four significant anthropometric markers for assessing obesity were examined: body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Each anthropometric marker was categorized into one of three cardiometabolic risk levels based on the Z-scores and their corresponding percentiles. The distribution was as follows: low risk (≤84th percentile), high risk (85th-94th percentile), and very high risk (≥95th percentile). Subsequently, a multiple regression analysis was employed to develop an algorithm that generates a composite risk score. This score incorporates all the anthropometric variables simultaneously, while also weighting their individual contributions to the cardiometabolic risk.
RESULTS: Children with ASD exhibit an anthropometric profile that markedly increases their susceptibility to cardiometabolic issues. While roughly 11% of the general Moroccan child population is overweight or obese, this figure soars to nearly 60% among children with ASD when considering the central adiposity markers. Furthermore, children from middle-class socioeconomic backgrounds display a more than threefold greater risk of developing overweight or obesity compared to their counterparts from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.
CONCLUSIONS: This study has, for the first time, provided an up-to-date overview of the cardiometabolic risk in Moroccan children with ASD using traditional anthropometric measurements. The primary risk factor is clearly linked to central (abdominal) adiposity, which is recognized as the most deleterious. This study highlights the need to include general and central obesity markers. This study underscores the importance of incorporating both general and central adiposity markers for a more comprehensive assessment, and it emphasizes the need for closer monitoring within this high-risk population.